What is the format and date of Employment Agreements in Egypt?

In Egypt, employment agreements must follow specific guidelines to be valid and legally binding.

Written Contract: All employment agreements in Egypt must be in written form.
Bilingual: The contract must be bilingual, typically in Arabic and English, to ensure clarity and compliance with local labor laws.
No Backdating: It is not permissible to backdate an employment agreement. The start date must accurately reflect the actual date the employee begins their employment.

Signature Requirements

Handwritten Signature: The contract must be signed using a handwritten (wet ink) signature.
Electronic Signatures Not Valid: Standard electronic signatures or Qualified Electronic Signatures (QES) are not valid for employment contracts in Egypt. Only handwritten signatures are legally recognized.